第十卷第三期 中華民國九十四年五月十五日 May 2005

 
 
人物專訪
 
 
荒野游俠︰Silencio ∼ 徐仁修先生訪問記錄

◎高二一班 李信宜

徐仁修先生簡介:
荒野保護協會創會理事長
自然生態攝影作家
  徐仁修,1946年生於新竹,在新竹芎林鄉下度過與大自然親密的童年生活。及長,向台灣的高山深谷探進,也邁入世界探險旅行,留下許多珍貴動人的記錄。在60年代,台灣大自然開始遭受嚴重破壞時,率先呼籲保護自然生態,著手拍攝與記錄台灣大自然的原貌。1995年發起成立荒野保護協會,匯聚更多的民間力量,為兒童生態教育與保護荒野棲地奔走努力。
【得獎記錄】吳三連報導文學獎、行政院新聞局金鼎獎、無魯芹散文獎、北美台灣人教授協會台灣生態保育獎。
【著作】「自然有情」、「赤道無風」等近30本。

一切生命的源頭 是人類古老的鄉愁 讓我們重歸荒野 尋回失落的記憶與喜悅   ∼徐仁修


  徐仁修先生在過去的數十年間,探訪了世界各地的叢林、荒地及原始部落,包括東南亞的馬來西亞、菲律賓和南美洲的亞馬遜。至於台灣,更是走遍了各處的深山荒林。他在每趟的旅程中,用筆和相機紀錄,留下對大自然的情感和影像。他說:「我喜歡去沒有人會去的地方,也就是所謂的荒野。荒野是生命的源頭,因此,當受盡了文明洗禮的人們再度回到孕育萬物的場所,便會感受到一種古老的鄉愁。」
  美國的自然主義散文家和生態保育前鋒梭羅(Henry David Thoreau, (1817-1862)在《湖濱散記》中寫道:「我去林中的原因是為了想用心生活,只面對生命中最重要的事情,並且看我是否能從中學到些什麼,而不是到了最後,發現我從來沒有活過。」這也是徐仁修先生,以探險家、作家和攝影家的身份一次又一次回到荒野的原因。
  徐仁修先生深受兒時在芎林鄉下長大的經驗影響。他回憶起小時候整天與大自然為伍、自然純真的日子:「那時在鄉下,整天都在外頭玩。我們一群小孩子會去游泳、抓魚、昆蟲或小動物。那時我最喜歡觀察小動物,我可以蹲在一大群螞蟻旁邊看他們搬東西,一看就大半天不走。有一天,我在路上看到一隻大貓,比一般的貓大概大上兩倍,那隻貓就停在路中央瞪著我,我也好奇的瞪回去,僵持了好久,大貓才轉身跑回山裡去。後來我才發現我看到的不是營養特別好的貓,而是一種叫做石虎的動物。許許多多像這種的小發現和經驗都令我難忘,因此我覺得大自然是靈感的來源,讓我想寫詩。」

  徐仁修先生於1995年創辦荒野保護協會(The Society of Wilderness)。協會主要的使命,除了要趕在荒地被工業化的腳步破壞殆盡前,喚醒台灣人的環境保育意識,並以實際行動保護在生態平衡中扮演重要角色卻正在逐漸消失的「台灣濕地」外,更因為徐先生自己童年的啟發,積極從事兒童荒野教育的培育工作。
  徐先生說:「我喜歡用探險的方式帶領小朋友經歷『高峰經驗』。我們會在晚上帶他們上山探險,然後要他們自己尋路回來。當然沿路上都埋伏了荒野的人,確保小朋友的安全。不過,我們也會設一些小障礙,小朋友們只要稍微注意都可以完成的。很多小朋友一開始都喊害怕,嚇得要命,但一回到山下,就會覺得完成了一件偉大的事情,一再跟別人敘述自己的英勇事蹟。孩子們透過與大自然的接觸,自己體驗學習現在台灣教育中很少會教的生命態度。台灣的教育總是教孩子如何『取』,取得好成績、取得文憑、取得高薪工作,卻沒有教他們如何『給』,沒有教什麼是慈悲、慷慨、施捨、以及讓的精神。」
  汲汲營營的升學制度和世俗價值觀,讓徐先生鮮少提到他的求學過程。對於熱愛大自然的他,那是一種限制。他說道:「生命是值得我們去細細品嚐的,我們應該要去體驗生命的精彩。而且我也相信每一個人都是無限的。」
  從七十年代開始,台灣山林受到嚴重的破壞,徐仁修先生抓緊了相機,走入山野林間拍下尚存的原始自然景觀,並寫了許多相關的文章,集結成一本本的書,成為台灣最早幾個寫有關自然生態文章的攝影作家之一。

  徐先生又是怎麼開始照相的呢?其實,這也是小時候就種下的種子,他說:「我記得大概是小學六年級的時候吧,看了迪士尼出的『沙漠奇觀』影片。裡面拍了沙漠中盛開的花、老鷹、還有在沙丘中出沒的蛇…等等。當時我便愛上了這部片子。我認為覺得視覺影像最容易讓人感動,類似螞蟻打架、大蛇吃小蛇的過程都很精彩。所以,一開始我其實是想要拍電影的。我努力存錢,花了六萬元(當時這可是一筆很大的數目!)買了一台二手的十六釐米攝影機。但是空白影帶也很貴,幾分鐘的長度就要一千多元,所以為了節省影片,每次等到要拍的動物有精彩的動作時,只敢拍一下下。這樣當然也就拍不到什麼。拍動物習性的影片,真的要花很多錢!」
  「有一次我在美國看到一部有關禿鷹的影片,非常的精彩,捕捉到許多難得的鏡頭,完全就像我理想中自己要拍的片子。放映的房間裡,只有我和另一個老先生兩個人。影片結束後,老先生似乎是看到我樂在其中的樣子,走過來問我是否很喜歡這部影片。一聊之下才發現,老先生正是拍攝影片的人!他是美國某家銀行的總裁,拍攝野生動物的紀錄片是他的嗜好。也正因為有龐大的財力,他才得以持續這項嗜好。他向我建議:『沒有太多錢的話,就照相吧。』」
  就這樣,徐仁修先生拾起了相機,拍眼睛看到的景像,用筆寫下心中抽象的感動。為了到世界各地探險,徐仁修先生更是自學了西班牙語、菲律賓語和馬來西亞語。生性幽默的他,在到南美洲的探險中,還跟小販婦人開玩笑,完全的融入拉丁民族的熱情民風。他敘述道:「那時一個小販的婦人看到我這個亞洲人很高興,逢人就說:『這是我丈夫!』我則不甘示弱的回說:『丈母娘客氣了!』」有趣的見聞,他也全寫進了書中與讀者分享。
  不過,遇到環境保育的問題,徐先生卻是一點也不開玩笑的。台灣在經濟發展的過程中,犧牲了許多寶貴的自然資源,對於這樣的衝突,他斬釘截鐵的說:「若經濟開發和自然保育有衝突,錯絕對是在經濟。『永續經營』的環保課題沒有可以退讓的餘地。例如,我們為了吃牛肉,將樹林砍伐,改種草皮養牛。我們還有多少林地可以砍?現在資訊發達,我們更應該提升民眾的環境意識,加強教育,特別是生態教育。學生也要多讀書,為進入未來的世界作準備,也要多培養對大自然和人文的美學。」
  徐仁修先生的休閒是打網球和帶狗去森林散步。這是為了保持體能,他說:「有了體能才能走更遠的路。生命是不能停頓的,生命就是在行動中才會精彩。探險除了要擁有好的體力外,也要有足夠的知識和能力,這要靠多看書以及平常的訓練。溝通的能力也是不可或缺的,語言之外,肢體語言也不能被忽略。最重要的是要有開朗豁達的性格。只要不害怕,守住自己的原則,勇於嘗試,反正 "You have nothing to lose!"(你也不會失去什麼。)」
  影響徐仁修先生最大的人是誰?他就是前文提到的美國著名的自然生態保育學者梭羅(Henry David Thoreau, 1817-1862)。梭羅寫道:「我從來沒有找到比寂寞更好的伴侶。」以西班牙文的「安靜」Silencio為名的徐仁修先生,也就如同梭羅選擇棲息在華騰湖畔的精神一般,深深被安靜悠然的大自然荒野所吸引,獨自品嚐獨特的鄉愁。


An Interview with Mr. Silence Hsu, Protector of the Environment

◎10B Tiffany Kuo and Natalie Lin


Introduction
When we first saw Mr. Silence Hsu, he proudly introduced himself to us and showed us the bug bites he got from his adventure to the African forests a week ago. Mr. Hsu loves being in nature and is a promoter of environmental protection. He wants everybody to see the beauty and excitement of nature. Mr. Silence Hsu is the founder of the Society of Wilderness. This has been one of his childhood dreams he is dedicating his life to fulfill. In addition to protecting the nature, he also wants to portray the beauty of nature to people, which he does through photography. As you read on, you can see his thrilling and on-the-edge life he lives with no fear and regret in fulfilling his childhood dreams.

Childhood
As a child, Mr. Hsu grew up in Chung Ling (芎林), Hsinchu, not far away from us. However, his experience is very different from ours. During his childhood, Chung Ling was a cultivated farmland, full of unexplored mountains and rare animals. He did not live in a financially rich family; however, he lived in nature and has a handful of unforgettable memories and experiences from his childhood.
His childhood was very much connected to nature. He would harvest tealeaves and sell it for money or dry bamboo to sell it to people who made hats. He claims to know not only where all the fruit trees are in the mountains, but also which ones are edible.
As a child, Mr. Hsu had the heart of an explorer of nature. When he had free time, he would go exploring the mountains and simply sit quietly, waiting for shy animals to come out. Once he met a small tiger. Instead of running away, he stood quietly and stared at it while it quietly stared back at him for a full 10 minutes. In the end, it was the tiger that backed off. On other expeditions, he has seen thousands of ants fighting and snakes eating frogs. All of these left a strong and inspirational impact on him.
Once during an elementary science class, Mr. Hsu and his classmates were shown a documentary on how animals obtained food. After seeing this movie, he realized that he saw these scenes almost everyday of his life: snakes eating frogs and birds eating fishes. He was deeply touched by this movie, and knew that when he grew up he wanted to make a documentary of nature through his point of view.

Pursuing his dreams
Once, Mr. Hsu saw a newly made documentary in the United States. He sat there and watched the movie over and over again, admiring it and thinking over his dream. An old man came up to him and asked, "I noticed that you've been sitting here for a while, do you like this documentary?" It turned out that the old man was the director of this particular documentary. Mr. Hsu told the director of his dream, to which the man replied, "It takes many people to make a documentary. You need a crew to help you capture the events. You need a sponsor to finically back you up. You need a place to shoot an interesting documentary." He suggested Mr. Hsu to use photographs to capture moments. One photograph says a thousand words, Mr. Hsu thought. He came back to Taiwan, bought a camera, and started on his journey as a photographer.
In addition to photography, Mr. Hsu had another dream. He wanted to protect the natural environment that people were carelessly harming. He knew that he couldn't do this job alone and needed the help of others. He used his strong persuasive speaking skills and gathered a group of supporters. In 1995, he created the Society of Wilderness. It became the biggest environmental protection society in Taiwan after three years of establishment.
In this society, there are many activities that promote environmental protection. For example, Mr. Hsu would lead a group of children into the wilderness at night and leave them there, asking the children to find their way home in pairs. Of course, he had secret "spies" in the bushes, watching out for their safety. However, the kids didn't know of this. They would come back and boast of how they fought off the dangerous monsters single-handed. Each child had a success story of his/her own to share. Mr. Hsu believes that children should be able to have their chance to experience adventure and experience closeness to nature.

Mr. Hsu's Point of View
Mr. Hsu is quite the optimist. He likes to express himself with humor, which he gets from reading many different books. He also believes that it should not be required of children to attend school after completing elementary school. He thinks that some school subjects, like math for example, are taught in a quite senseless way. He says, "Since Math is taught to exercise the brain, why don't we just learn to play Chess instead?" He also thinks that languages can be self-taught, which he has proved. He can speak not only Chinese and English, but also Taiwanese, Spanish, Malaysian, Cantonese, Philippine, and Haka, all of which are self-taught.
To Mr. Hsu, "Life is a buffet." He thinks we should make the best of our lives while we can. Though he does not have much spare time, he plays tennis to keep himself in good shape since both stamina and flexibility are very important to an explorer. He can still beat his grown-up son in tennis! To him, life has to always be in action. He even thinks of his job as leisure.
From the viewpoint of an environmentalist, Mr. Hsu thinks that because of the excessive pollution in Taiwan, people have started taking notice, and therefore Taiwan is improving in preserving the environment. He thinks that the main conflict in preserving the environment is the economy. If we don't have a natural and healthy environment to live in, money is useless.
Mr. Hsu is a vegetarian. "A cow can feed maybe ten people. But an acre of wheat or rice can feed hundreds of people," he says. He thinks that being a carnivorous human being would only be a waste of food, and Taiwan people are big food wasters. There are 50,000 people dying of malnutrition or starvation, yet people in Taiwan are always on some type of diet. He says disgustedly, "Just eat less! Give the food to the people in dire need."
He believes that as students, we should start helping the environment by teaching our parents and the people around us. "It all starts from you." We should better ourselves first by reading more, so as to improve our ability to speak and persuade others. For example, many Taiwanese gamble by playing the lottery. This is Taiwan's so-called "economy." He says his son would never play the lottery, the reason simply being because he would never and he thinks only useless people need to earn his/her living by gambling. His influence is great enough to impact his son and family. This is how we students should start preserving our environment.

Conclusion
Pursuing his dreams was not as simple as it seems. When the rain falls on his tent in the middle of an unexplored forest, Mr. Hsu feels momentary loneliness without human company. But then he realizes that he is surrounded by a neighborhood of plants and animals, which are all full of life. He takes out his camera and goes into the rain to capture scenes that are prettiest after the rain has washed away the dirt. It takes much courage and optimism for a man to pursue such dreams.
Mr. Hsu ends the interview with a very strong viewpoint of his. "You have nothing to lose." There is no such thing as "failure," because you learn from mistakes, and therefore gain valuable experience, resulting in success instead of failure. He says he has never felt like a failure in his life, because he has absolutely nothing to lose. He's seen many things and he's grown up. He says," Do not be scared of taking chances because it is always a win-win situation!" To him, there is no such thing as failing in life.

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