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雙語部四年級中國社會課，採用國內國小社會課本，本學期內容主要在介紹家鄉
(台灣)傳統的生活環境與形態。對於出生在台灣的孩子，或許還可以在父母與祖父母的家居生活中有所印象。但是對於幼年成長於海外，以及韓國或印度學生，要如何介紹所謂「家鄉」的生活，對老師則是一大考驗。
本學期由田靜逸與鄭貴立老師共同教導該課程，除了須將教材翻譯成英文外，還得設法藉由一些活動，引起學生學習興趣。當第一單元內容介紹「家鄉的環境」，提及三合院、老街、廟宇等，除了實地參觀外，老師們便想到何不與美術課結合，讓學生將課本的三合院圖片立體化。
這樣的構想獲得該班外籍導師 ( 兼授該班美術課)Miss Ellyn Lee的支持，遂在社會老師提供資訊，美術老師提供藝術指導下進行。
學生出人意外的創作，令人讚嘆不已。他們不只做出建築的模型，連屋內的陳設、器具，乃至豬、牛、鴨、魚等家禽、家畜，以及瓜果蔬菜，都做得細膩精緻，栩栩如生。外籍學生與本國孩子在共同創作的過程中，同時也更深入的了解閩南建築與中國傳統文化。這次中西合璧，跨科統整，給予雙語部未來的雙文化教學提供了更寬廣的空間。在此，將學生們所製作的三合院模型照片以及他們對於整個學習過程的文字敘述呈現出來，跟大家分享。
Ms. Ellyn Lee
I was delighted when the Chinese
Social Studies teachers, Mrs. Tien and Mr. Cheng
approached me with the idea of doing a collaborative project. They had
taught the students about the Chinese farmhouses and wanted
me to facilitate the students building models during art class. I
thought it would be a great opportunity
to learn about planning, construction
and most importantly, an
opportunity to work in cooperative groups.
There was an interdependence
established from the beginning. They needed to be
able to count on each other and encourage
one another. All the
students were very excited
about doing something three-dimensional and were happy to work together.
We discussed
scale and proportions and as
a class decided on a wall
size that would help todetermine
the size of the other pieces inside and
outside of the farm house.
They used their C.S.S. book for reference and for ideas of how to
design their model. To keep them
focused, I assigned them jobs for the first two sessions. I
let them choose their own jobs after the
idea that everyone does a part was established.
I helped them problem solve a little when
things were not developing how
they expected, but almost all the
unique ideas came from them.
There were students dipping cotton balls in a water and oil pastel solution
to hang on top of toothpicks
for trees. Other students were making
miniature beds out of cloth and the tiniest chairs I
have ever seen.
As art should be, it was a development of ideas.
Overall, the fourth grade
students cooperated tremendously well and made some fantastic models. I was very proud of them.
Students’Writing
My Experience of Making the Chinese Farm Houses
In
Chinese Social Studies class, Mr. Cheng showed us what was
in an ancient Chinese house. I also talked with my mom, dad, and grandparents about what they knew. I learned
that a Chinese house appeared as a “U” shape, known as “San-ho yuan”, with about 18
rooms. T he whole family worshiped
the ancestors in the main
lobby , where some memorial
items were set. Grandparents lived in
the room on the left next
to the main lobby. The sons and
grandsons occupied the side
wings of the
house . In general , Chinese
family followed a
clear generation-related class in assigning the rooms.
The storage rooms
for corn, rice, and farming tools were located
at the end of the side wings of the house. The domestic animals, such as ducks, dogs, cows, pigs,
cats, chicken, and goats were raised in the shelters outside the house. The opening
of the san-ho-yuan usually faces south.
The
house was surrounded with gardens with such things
as cabbages, fruits, rice, bamboo, and corn. At the end of the harvest, the family sun dried the corn, radish, and rice
in the central square of the house to prepare for the winter.
In art class we got to make a model of
San-ho-yuan in groups. First, we
decided who would do what, for example: Emma made the
furniture, I made the roofs, Cher
did the coloring, Hannah checked our work, and
Jason Liu drew a blue print with Tom. Then
we g athered the materials from home such as: wires, cardboards, color papers, glue, cotton
balls, scotch tapes, paints, clay, sticks, rocks, and sand.
Next we made a house by using cardboards as
floors, walls, and roofs. Then, we
added furniture, a pond, a well, farm animals, trees, and
gardens. Finally, we painted the model with watercolors and markers.
I
enjoyed making the house the most.
With our group working well together, we
finished the project on time and made a very neat model.
∼4A Jason Chiu 邱威廷
Our C.S.S. teacher, Mrs. Tien told us about Chinese houses. I learned that the
Chinese houses are different from
our department, because of the
shape. Also, the Chinese house could
have 18 rooms and the whole family could live together. The
people who live in the Chinese house don't go out and buy vegetables like we do,
they plant their own gardens and rice. They
don't have a washing machine either, they
have a small pond for washing clothes,
and then they hang their clothes. Chinese children are also very respectful to their parents
or grandparents. When they eat their meal,
they sit on the ground, and let the
parents sit on the chair. Across the door is
where they worship the gods and ancestors. The
other two sides are where they sleep.
They have one side where they keep the cows and another side they keep the pigs and have a toilet.
Mrs. Tien asked Ms. Lee, our art teacher, to let us make the
model. First, Ms. Lee told us to bring the
things we need. Then, she told
us to make the trees, walls, pond, and
furniture. We had a secretary to keep track of who did a good job
and who played around. Then, the next
weeks Ms. Lee allowed us to
switch jobs. Finally, we could
decide who would do what
by ourselves. When we were finished, we had rooms, ponds, furniture, animals,
and roofs. The hardest thing I thought was making the furniture, because
the rooms aren't big. The easiest thing
I thought was making the pond because you
can just spread out the clay. I
like making models because the groups need cooperation.
∼4A Joy Chiang 蔣佩宇
In my C.S.S. class, we studied about Chinese houses.
Our teacher, Mrs. Tien, told us
about the people living in the houses. The Chinese
houses were very different from apartment houses. The people raised animals
in the houses and used cow dung
as fuel. Cow dung can also be used to fertilize plants that they grow. The
toilets that they use are actually big holes
in the ground. The people living in a Chinese house worshipped the gods in the main hall. The
grown-ups usually ate on the table, while the children ate
on the ground. People slept in rooms, and, by order, the
older ones slept in the inside part. The younger
ones slept in the outer parts. A
Chinese house is also called a “San-ho-yuan.”
Our art teacher, Ms. Lee, taught us how to make a Chinese house model.
It was a bit hard, but we had fun doing it. We made the rooms, buildings, and many other things that a
Chinese house has. First, we had a plan, and we chose people for different jobs. Then, we
switched jobs. We also had a secretary who keeps track of who did a good
job. All of the houses were good,
because we all cooperated.
∼4A Shawanne Wang 王筱安
In C.S.S., we learned about San-Ho-Yuan.
We learned that the farther out the
people slept, the younger the people were. People used animal's waste
for fertilizer. People's rooms were in
order from the oldest to the youngest.
Most of the time the pond was in the front
and the trees were in the back. People grew bamboos there.
In
Ar t class, we made a model of San-Ho-Yuan. The model showed
places better and clearer. In the first few times, Ms. Lee gave us examples of jobs,
but after that, we chose our own jobs. Our group cooperated. When a person had finished the jobs,
the person helped another people. The hard part was when we made walls and
roofs. The easy part was the pond and the
fun part was when someone put brown paint for waste.
∼4B Hannah Park 朴藝琳
In C.S.S. we learned about traditional Chinese farm houses. Our teacher was Gary
Chen and Jean Tien. We learned about what is inside a San-ho-yuan, and outside.
In the inside, there is a room called the main hall. It is where you welcome visitors and worship ancestors.
Families and relatives all live
together. They have special
rooms for different members of the family. In the outside there was a garden where they grew
vegetables. In front of the houses there was always a pond. The
children can't eat at the main
table. They are to sit on another
smaller table. They had the toilet outside and it was a small hole.
In art class, we made models of the San-ho-yuan. We copied
the textbook. Our teacher was Ms. Lee. We
had g roups o f six people, but
two groups were uneven. We had jobs that will tell us who will do what. The different jobs
were: secretary, garden, trees, furniture, walls, and roof. The easiest thing was the secretary.
The hardest thing to make was the
furniture. I think it was very hard to cooperate and make the models together.
∼4B Fiona Liao 廖心瑜
In C.S.S. we studied the Chinese farm houses. On
the outside of the house
they had a pond, a well, trees, a garden, bathroom, a front porch, a
dinning room, kitchen, a storage room, and a few bedrooms.
Back then there was no plumbing. They got water from the well and in place of a toilet they had a hole. For fuel, they used animal droppings and to build a fire.
In art class we made models of the Chinese farm houses. All the jobs on who do what was divided equally
for each of the five groups.
The jobs options were roof
building, wall construction, furniture making, well construction, farm, garden, trees, and making the pond.
Overall, I enjoyed
making the Chinese farm house a
lot and I hope we can make
another fun project like this one.
∼4B Henning Shih 石璋瑋
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